Alert (JavaFX 19)
Description: declaration: module: javafx.controls, package: javafx.scene.control, class: Alert

Module javafx.controls
Package javafx.scene.control

# Class Alert

java.lang.Object
javafx.scene.control.Dialog<ButtonType>
javafx.scene.control.Alert

All Implemented Interfaces:
  `EventTarget`

public class Alert extends Dialog<ButtonType>
The Alert class subclasses the `Dialog` class, and provides support for a number of pre-built dialog types that can be easily shown to users to prompt for a response. Therefore, for many users, the Alert class is the most suited class for their needs (as opposed to using `Dialog` directly). Alternatively, users who want to prompt a user for text input or to make a choice from a list of options would be better served by using `TextInputDialog` and `ChoiceDialog`, respectively.

When creating an Alert instance, users must pass in an `Alert.AlertType` enumeration value. It is by passing in this value that the Alert instance will configure itself appropriately (by setting default values for many of the `Dialog` properties, including `title`, `header`, and `graphic`, as well as the default `buttons` that are expected in a dialog of the given type.

To instantiate (but not yet show) an Alert, simply use code such as the following:

    Alert alert = new Alert(AlertType.CONFIRMATION, "Are you sure you want to format your system?");

Once an Alert is instantiated, we must show it. More often than not, alerts (and dialogs in general) are shown in a modal and blocking fashion. 'Modal' means that the dialog prevents user interaction with the owning application whilst it is showing, and 'blocking' means that code execution stops at the point in which the dialog is shown. This means that you can show a dialog, await the user response, and then continue running the code that directly follows the show call, giving developers the ability to immediately deal with the user input from the dialog (if relevant).

JavaFX dialogs are modal by default (you can change this via the `Dialog.initModality(javafx.stage.Modality)` API). To specify whether you want blocking or non-blocking dialogs, developers simply choose to call `Dialog.showAndWait()` or `Dialog.show()` (respectively). By default most developers should choose to use `Dialog.showAndWait()`, given the ease of coding in these situations. Shown below is three code snippets, showing three equally valid ways of showing the Alert dialog that was specified above:

Option 1: The 'traditional' approach

    Optional<ButtonType> result = alert.showAndWait();
     if (result.isPresent() && result.get() == ButtonType.OK) {
         formatSystem();
     }

Option 2: The traditional + Optional approach

    alert.showAndWait().ifPresent(response -> {
         if (response == ButtonType.OK) {
             formatSystem();
         }
     });

Option 3: The fully lambda approach

    alert.showAndWait()
          .filter(response -> response == ButtonType.OK)
          .ifPresent(response -> formatSystem());

There is no better or worse option of the three listed above, so developers are encouraged to work to their own style preferences. The purpose of showing the above is to help introduce developers to the `Optional` API, which is new in Java 8 and may be foreign to many developers.

Since:
  JavaFX 8u40
See Also:
  - `Dialog`
  - `Alert.AlertType`
  - `TextInputDialog`
  - `ChoiceDialog`

- ## Property Summary

  Properties
  Type
  Property
  Description
  `final ObjectProperty<Alert.AlertType>`
  `alertType`
  When creating an Alert instance, users must pass in an `Alert.AlertType` enumeration value.

  ### Properties declared in class javafx.scene.control.Dialog

  `contentText, dialogPane, graphic, headerText, height, onCloseRequest, onHidden, onHiding, onShowing, onShown, resizable, resultConverter, result, showing, title, width, x, y`

- ## Nested Class Summary

  Nested Classes
  Modifier and Type
  Class
  Description
  `static enum`
  `Alert.AlertType`
  An enumeration containing the available, pre-built alert types that the `Alert` class can use to pre-populate various properties.

- ## Constructor Summary

  Constructors
  Constructor
  Description
  `Alert(Alert.AlertType alertType)`
  Creates an alert with the given AlertType (refer to the `Alert.AlertType` documentation for clarification over which one is most appropriate).
  `Alert(Alert.AlertType alertType, String contentText, ButtonType... buttons)`
  Creates an alert with the given contentText, ButtonTypes, and AlertType (refer to the `Alert.AlertType` documentation for clarification over which one is most appropriate).

- ## Method Summary

  Modifier and Type
  Method
  Description
  `final ObjectProperty<Alert.AlertType>`
  `alertTypeProperty()`
  When creating an Alert instance, users must pass in an `Alert.AlertType` enumeration value.
  `final Alert.AlertType`
  `getAlertType()`
  Gets the value of the property alertType.
  `final ObservableList<ButtonType>`
  `getButtonTypes()`
  Returns an `ObservableList` of all `ButtonType` instances that are currently set inside this Alert instance.
  `final void`
  `setAlertType(Alert.AlertType alertType)`
  Sets the value of the property alertType.

  ### Methods declared in class javafx.scene.control.Dialog

  `buildEventDispatchChain, close, contentTextProperty, dialogPaneProperty, getContentText, getDialogPane, getGraphic, getHeaderText, getHeight, getModality, getOnCloseRequest, getOnHidden, getOnHiding, getOnShowing, getOnShown, getOwner, getResult, getResultConverter, getTitle, getWidth, getX, getY, graphicProperty, headerTextProperty, heightProperty, hide, initModality, initOwner, initStyle, isResizable, isShowing, onCloseRequestProperty, onHiddenProperty, onHidingProperty, onShowingProperty, onShownProperty, resizableProperty, resultConverterProperty, resultProperty, setContentText, setDialogPane, setGraphic, setHeaderText, setHeight, setOnCloseRequest, setOnHidden, setOnHiding, setOnShowing, setOnShown, setResizable, setResult, setResultConverter, setTitle, setWidth, setX, setY, show, showAndWait, showingProperty, titleProperty, widthProperty, xProperty, yProperty`

  ### Methods declared in class java.lang.Object

  `clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

- ## Property Details

  - ### alertType

    public final ObjectProperty<Alert.AlertType> alertTypeProperty
    When creating an Alert instance, users must pass in an `Alert.AlertType` enumeration value. It is by passing in this value that the Alert instance will configure itself appropriately (by setting default values for many of the `Dialog` properties, including `title`, `header`, and `graphic`, as well as the default `buttons` that are expected in a dialog of the given type.
    See Also:
      - `getAlertType()`
      - `setAlertType(Alert.AlertType)`

- ## Constructor Details

  - ### Alert

    public Alert(Alert.AlertType alertType)
    Creates an alert with the given AlertType (refer to the `Alert.AlertType` documentation for clarification over which one is most appropriate).

    By passing in an AlertType, default values for the `title`, `headerText`, and `graphic` properties are set, as well as the relevant `buttons` being installed. Once the Alert is instantiated, developers are able to modify the values of the alert as desired.

    It is important to note that the one property that does not have a default value set, and which therefore the developer must set, is the `content text` property (or alternatively, the developer may call `alert.getDialogPane().setContent(Node)` if they want a more complex alert). If the contentText (or content) properties are not set, there is no useful information presented to end users.

    Parameters:
      `alertType` - an alert with the given AlertType

  - ### Alert

    public Alert(Alert.AlertType alertType, String contentText, ButtonType... buttons)
    Creates an alert with the given contentText, ButtonTypes, and AlertType (refer to the `Alert.AlertType` documentation for clarification over which one is most appropriate).

    By passing in a variable number of ButtonType arguments, the developer is directly overriding the default buttons that will be displayed in the dialog, replacing the pre-defined buttons with whatever is specified in the varargs array.

    By passing in an AlertType, default values for the `title`, `headerText`, and `graphic` properties are set. Once the Alert is instantiated, developers are able to modify the values of the alert as desired.

    Parameters:
      `alertType` - the alert type
      `contentText` - the content text
      `buttons` - the button types

- ## Method Details

  - ### getAlertType

    public final Alert.AlertType getAlertType()
    Gets the value of the property alertType.
    Property description:
      When creating an Alert instance, users must pass in an `Alert.AlertType` enumeration value. It is by passing in this value that the Alert instance will configure itself appropriately (by setting default values for many of the `Dialog` properties, including `title`, `header`, and `graphic`, as well as the default `buttons` that are expected in a dialog of the given type.

  - ### setAlertType

    public final void setAlertType(Alert.AlertType alertType)
    Sets the value of the property alertType.
    Property description:
      When creating an Alert instance, users must pass in an `Alert.AlertType` enumeration value. It is by passing in this value that the Alert instance will configure itself appropriately (by setting default values for many of the `Dialog` properties, including `title`, `header`, and `graphic`, as well as the default `buttons` that are expected in a dialog of the given type.

  - ### alertTypeProperty

    public final ObjectProperty<Alert.AlertType> alertTypeProperty()
    When creating an Alert instance, users must pass in an `Alert.AlertType` enumeration value. It is by passing in this value that the Alert instance will configure itself appropriately (by setting default values for many of the `Dialog` properties, including `title`, `header`, and `graphic`, as well as the default `buttons` that are expected in a dialog of the given type.
    See Also:
      - `getAlertType()`
      - `setAlertType(Alert.AlertType)`

  - ### getButtonTypes

    public final ObservableList<ButtonType> getButtonTypes()
    Returns an `ObservableList` of all `ButtonType` instances that are currently set inside this Alert instance. A ButtonType may either be one of the pre-defined types (e.g. `ButtonType.OK`), or it may be a custom type (created via the `ButtonType(String)` or `ButtonType(String, javafx.scene.control.ButtonBar.ButtonData)` constructors.

    Readers should refer to the `ButtonType` class documentation for more details, but at a high level, each ButtonType instance is converted to a Node (although most commonly a `Button`) via the (overridable) `DialogPane.createButton(ButtonType)` method on `DialogPane`.

    Returns:
      an `ObservableList` of all `ButtonType` instances that are currently set inside this Alert instance